How authentic is ibn ishaqs biography of the prophet. E, 60 years after ibn ishaq and in fragments quoted by other muslim writers including another historian, muhammad ibn jarir altabari 839923 c. A translation of ibn ishaqs sirat rasul allah oxford and karachi. Ibn ishaq was the earliest, and probably the most thorough, of islams historians.
Hunayn ibn ishaq translated works into syriac for very prominent nestorian christian physicians and scholars 7 to mention a few. He is thus considered one of the tabiin and he is reported to have met anas ibn malik. Ibn ishaq in full, muhammad ibn ishaq ibn yasar ibn khiyar, who lived from 704 to 767 ad, wrote the first account of the prophets life. Ibn hishams asseera annabaviyya in the name of allah, the compassionate the merciful. We dont actually have a copy of ibn ishaqs sirat ul rasulullah. The life of muhammad, a translation of ishaqs sirat rasul allah, with introduction and notes by a. Siratenabi of ibn hisham, 2 volume set urdu only ibn hisham. Ibn ishaq s sirat rasul allah the life of muhammad translated by a. Moreover the qur an does not narrate mohammeds life in a complete or coherent way. The arabic text used by guillaume was the cairo edition of 551937 by mustafa alsaqqa, ibrahim alabyari and abdulhafiz shalabi, as well. Ibn ishaq arabic meaning the son of isaac was a muslim historian who died in 768. Ibn ishaqhisham 665muhammad ordered a jewish woman put to death for literally losing her mind while the male members of her family were being beheaded ibn ishaqhisham 691. Interpolations made by ibn hisham are said to be recognizable and can be deleted, leaving as a remainder, a socalled edited version of ibn ishaq s original text otherwise lost.
Siratenabi of ibn hisham, 2 volume set urdu only ibn hisham isbn. The truce was broken by the meccans in ad 630, when the quraysh attacked a tribe. After that he is reported at various places in iraq and iran and he died in bagdad in 768. Abu muhammad abd almalik bin hisham ibn ayyub alhimyari almuafiri alba. Sirat ibn hisham and the middle portion which is missing apparently contains direct evidence that the followers of muhammed to abyssinia entirely converted away from islam, stating their belief that the prophet had corrupted the historic religion of abraham according to samuel zwemer, the law of apostasy in islam, 1924. He never claimed that everything he heard was the perfect, absolute fact. From a despised minority the followers of muhammad were now becoming the most powerful single force in arabia. The most comprehensive biography of muhammad, called sirat rassoolallah was written decades after his death by muhammad ibn ishaq d. Sirat rasul allah life of the apostle of god is the arabic term used for the biographies of muhammad, from which most historical information about his life and the early period of islam is derived. The first was a history of the world up until the beginning of muhammads ministry. What we have is an edited copy of his student albakkais version of it, which was further edited by hisham. Together the sirat and the hadith constitute the sunnah way.
No copy of ibn ishaqs biography in its original form is now in existence, but it was extensively quarried by ibn hisharn died ah 2 or 218. They collected the lifespan of rasool allah saw from different teachers and people. Ibn hisham ja ibn ishaq ibn hishamin teos perustuu ibn ishaqin suunnilleen 750luvulla ilmeisesti irakissa tekemaan muhammed elamakertaan, johon hisham on tehnyt lisayksia ja poistoja. This book was written by ibn ishaq, a devout muslim scholar, and later revised by ibn hisham. Ibn ishaq nor al waqidi should have cited this man who must have had inside knowledge of many matters not known to the public. Possibly as a follower of ali he preferred to ignore the son of the man the alids regarded as a usurper 11 like i.
During the apex of the islamic abbasid era, he worked with a. Sirat rasul allahibn ishaq this is a pdf document that you can download click the. In islam, alsira alnabawiyya prophetic biography, sirat rasul allah life of the messenger of god, or seerah are the traditional muslim biographies of muhammad from which, in addition to the quran and trustable hadiths, most historical information about his life and the early period of islam is derived. Internet archive bookreader ibn ishaq s sirat rasul allah the life of muhammad translated by a. The first biography of the prophet was written by ibn ishaq circa 706773 about one hundred years. This was written by mohammad bin ishaq, this was published in 8th century c. This book was a primary source of the various scholar of islam like ibn jareer tabri, ibn e kaldoon. The disgraceful and distressing things omitted from ibn ishaq. Muhammad ibn muslim ibn ubaydullah, commonly known as ibn shihab alzuhri, was a prolific and prominent hadith narrator from the followers whom ibn hajar identified as a tabii. The life of muhammad prophet mohammed is presented to mankind as the perfect human being of all times by believing muslims. Ibn hisham also abbreviated, annotated, and sometimes altered the text of ibn ishaq, according to guillaume at xvii. The original text of the sirat rasul allah by ibn ishaq did not survive.
We dont actually have a copy of ibn ishaq s sirat ul rasulullah. We also have bits and pieces that have survived from another students c. This is mainly from ibn hisham but with additions from other sources. I broached the subject of ibn ishaqs bio and showed him the web site where the english translation of the book can be downloaded. What survives is the commentary on ishaq s biography by ibn hisham and extracts from the voluminous histories of al tabari. However, as i mentioned before, there are undoubtedly weak narrations in his book.
What are the possible reasons for ibn ishaq choosing a narrative. Ibn ishaqs life of muhammad was in fact embedded in an ambitious universal history that covered the history of the world from the creation up to ibn ishaqs own time the abbasid caliphate. This source is from a manuscript containing information from other sources as well as ibn ishaq. Sirat ibn hisham abridged english translation attahawi. The arabic text used by guillaume was the cairo edition of 551937 by mustafa alsaqqa, ibrahim alabyari and abdulhafiz shalabi, as well as another, that of f. Ibn ishaq was born in medina about eightyfive years after the hijra ah 85 and died in baghdad in ah 151.
Sep 06, 2012 assalaamu alaikum, sirat ibn hisham abridged english translation. Islam, and islamic truths about muhammad, peace, and women. The page numbers suggest that ibn hishams comments constitute about 15% of his recessions of ibn ishaq s work. Ibn ishaqs work originally consisted of three almost equal parts. It is a fact that there exist no documents describing muhammad and his formative years contemporaneous with him. Ibn ishaq collected oral traditions that formed the. The most authoritative biography of muhammad is titled the life of muhammad sirat rasul allah originally written by muhammad ibn ishaq around 760 ad. The arabic text used by guillaume was the cairo edition of 551937 by mustafa alsaqqa, ibrahim alabyari and abdulhafiz shalabi, as well as another, that of. This biography, therefore, is one of the most important sources of the history of muhammad. The disgraceful and distressing things omitted from ibn. The narrative form of ibn ishaqs sirat rasul allah by katherine a.
It was written before any of the major works of hadith. Under the aegis of the abbasid caliph almansur, ibn ishaq collected oral. Alfred guillaume sirat rasul allah life of the messenger of god or alsirat alnabawiyah prophetic biography is the arabic term used for the various traditional muslim biographies of muhammad, from which most. Aug 29, 2018 alfred guillaume, the life of muhammad. One of the most classical and original works in islamic history. He worked in madina until the abbasids replaced the umayyads in the caliphate 750. This book was considered among pioneer book of biographies of prophet mohammad peace be upon him. He has had many biographies by various authors from all over the world. According to ibn hajar, ibn shihab alzuhri was the first to compile hadith at the beginning of the first century after the migration acting on the order of umar. Muslims consider ibn ishaq to be sincere and trustworthy, and western historians consider him to be a good historian.
His life is recorder or reflected in the quran,in the hadis tradition and in early historical accounts of early islam such as ibn ishaqs sirat rasul allah. Timothy renick abstract this thesis explores the meaning and significance of the form of ibn ishaqs sirat rasul allah. Yet it was one of the earliest substantial biographies of muhammad. I ibn ishaq, he urwa bin zubayr was given to inserting poetry in his traditions and justified.
Ibn ishaq s work at the end of the translation in a section called ibn hishams notes pp. Muhammad ibn ishaq ibn yasar more commonly known simply as ibn ishaq704770 ad was an arab muslim historian from medina, responsible for the sirat rasul allah, a collection of hadith that is arranged in chronological order, forming the earliest and most accurate biography of muhammad. The writer of the manuscript, yunus ibn bukayr, heard ibn ishaqs lectures at kufa located in modern iraq, and made notes. Ibn ishaqs sirat rasul allah has been preserved in the form of an edited copy. Ibn hisham also abbreviated, annotated, and sometimes altered the text of ibn ishaq, according to guillaume at p. Muhammad ibn ishaq ibn yasar more commonly known simply as ibn ishaq 704770 ad was an arab muslim historian from medina, responsible for the sirat rasul allah, a collection of hadith that is arranged in chronological order, forming the earliest and most accurate biography of muhammad. Guillaume, oxford university press, great clarendon street, oxford. The part of ibn hishams work due to ibn ishaq is now usually called thesirat rasul allah life of allahs messenger. There were also several women that the prophet of islam ordered killed for adultery. She wrote critically of muhammad, telling her tribe to be wary of him, like this. As i have already said, the sirat written by ibn ishaq only exists in a later revised and shortened version by ibn hisham, who died in 834 c. I insisted that ibn ishaq was the first biographer of mohammed and all subsequent bios rely on ibn ishaq. Abdalmuttalibs gelubde, seinen sohn zu opfern 26 3. His life is recorder or reflected in the quran,in the hadis tradition and in early historical accounts of early islam such as ibn ishaq s sirat rasul allah.
Professor guillaumes translation of the sira of ibn ishaq is now reissued. Siratenabi of ibn hisham, 2 volume set urdu only ibn. Ibn ishaq is considered the seminal book of seerah and the work he put into it is unparalleled. If theres any book a narration without an isnad will be accepted from, its ibn ishaq. This is the book of the biography of the apostle of allah. Many crucial episodes in mohammeds life are not mentioned in the qur an, or are merely vaguely alluded to. The oldest extant biography of muhammad is called the sirat rasulallah life of the prophet of allah. Ibn hishams seera asim iqbal 2nd islamic downloads. Allama ibne ishaq and allama ibne hasham, both are the famous historian and islamic research scholars.
The contents of the koran can be divided under four main heads. Gibrail ibn bakhtishu, yuhanna ibn masawaih, salmawaih ibn bunan. The life of muhammad, ibn hisham furman university. The present life of muhammad is by the earliest biographer whose work has survived. In the name of allah sirat rasul allah or biography of. Muhammad ibn ishaq ibn yasar ibn khiyar died 767, or 761 was an arab muslim historian and hagiographer. The following is a combination of texts from ibn ishaq. You obey a stranger who encourages you to murder for booty. Hunayn ibn ishaq alibadi also hunain or hunein arabic.
Ibn ishaqs biography of muhammad countering islamism. Ibn hishams asseera annabaviyya in the name of allah, the compassionate the merciful praise belongs to allah the lord of the worlds and may his blessing be upon our lord muhammad and his family, all of them the formula of blessing which follows every mention of the prophet is omitted hereafter. Music for body and spirit meditation music recommended for you. No copy of that book remains, but around 800 ad, ibn hisham, a student of ibn ishaq reconstructed the biography from fragments and notes that he had collected. All the relevant details were written with the benefit of hindsight and with the purpose of creating a distorted image of a man of almost. Life of the messenger of allah is the arabic term used for the biographies of prophet muhammad. The first biography of the prophet was written by ibn ishaq circa 706773 about one hundred years after the death of muhammad. Muhammad ibn ishaq 992 thou shalt love thy neighbor as thyself. Aug 26, 2010 increase brain power, focus music, reduce anxiety, binaural and isochronic beats duration. Mar 10, 2012 the most authoritative biography of muhammad is titled the life of muhammad sirat rasul allah originally written by muhammad ibn ishaq around 760 ad.
1650 329 336 285 630 1329 1568 640 667 1289 1503 1455 892 938 990 1580 953 446 786 699 1080 1300 195 503 1234 122 97 1291 47 59 338 1109 342 134 1426 1410 104 1433 391